Whether you're printing for an exhibition or just want some snapshots to stick to the fridge, choosing a printing process can be daunting. For almost 200 years, photographers have been searching for the best way to transfer the image they see in the viewfinder to the print they see on paper. Modern technology has produced an array of techniques that each have their advantages, but traditional processes still have unique qualities.
Laser-based Printing
Most consumer prints---like those you'll get at the drugstore photo lab---are made with a hybrid process of analog and digital techniques. The printer starts with a digital image, either downloaded from your camera or scanned from a negative, and uses a very fine laser to expose photo-sensitive paper, which is then developed chemically. Laser-based printing provides affordable, accurate color rendition and excellent sharpness.
Inkjet Printing
Inkjet printers work by spraying extremely fine droplets of ink onto absorbent paper. Working from a digital file, the printer varies droplet size and ink color to form sharp, colorful images. While inkjet prints can compete with optically made prints, some photographers have raised concerns over their archival qualities, pointing out that ink is less stable and more likely to fade than typical photo-paper emulsion.
Silver Gelatin Printing
Traditional black-and-white darkroom prints are made with a process that uses a light-sensitive silver gelatin emulsion. Light is shined through a negative onto paper coated with the silver emulsion, and then the paper is developed in a series of chemicals that render the image. Darkroom prints are considered archival due to silver's relatively stable chemical composition.
Chromogenic Printing
Color darkroom prints are called "chromogenic" because they contain a full range of colors, rather than the "monochrome" range offered by silver gelatin printing. These prints are made from a color negative, using an enlarger which exposes photo paper that has a triple-layer emulsion---one layer for each primary color. The prints are developed in a method similar to silver gelatin prints.
Contact Printing
Contact printing is a technique that uses either silver gelatin or chromogenic processes without an enlarger. A negative, typically from a large format camera, is placed in direct contact with the photo paper and light passes through it to transfer the image. Contact printing is known for its fine detail and subtle gradations of tone, but it has become obsolete because of the large cameras required to produce a negative of sufficient size.
Whether you're printing for an exhibition or just want some snapshots to stick to the fridge, choosing a printing process can be daunting. For almost 200 years, photographers have been searching for the best way to transfer the image they see in the viewfinder to the print they see on paper.
Enhance your photography skill,The Top Secret Photography Techniques
. Modern technology has produced an array of techniques that each have their advantages, but traditional processes still have unique qualities.Laser-based Printing
Most consumer prints---like those you'll get at the drugstore photo lab---are made with a hybrid process of analog and digital techniques. The printer starts with a digital image, either downloaded from your camera or scanned from a negative, and uses a very fine laser to expose photo-sensitive paper, which is then developed chemically. Laser-based printing provides affordable, accurate color rendition and excellent sharpness.
Inkjet Printing
Inkjet printers work by spraying extremely fine droplets of ink onto absorbent paper. Working from a digital file, the printer varies droplet size and ink color to form sharp, colorful images. While inkjet prints can compete with optically made prints, some photographers have raised concerns over their archival qualities, pointing out that ink is less stable and more likely to fade than typical photo-paper emulsion.
Silver Gelatin Printing
Traditional black-and-white darkroom prints are made with a process that uses a light-sensitive silver gelatin emulsion. Light is shined through a negative onto paper coated with the silver emulsion, and then the paper is developed in a series of chemicals that render the image. Darkroom prints are considered archival due to silver's relatively stable chemical composition.
Chromogenic Printing
Color darkroom prints are called "chromogenic" because they contain a full range of colors, rather than the "monochrome" range offered by silver gelatin printing. These prints are made from a color negative, using an enlarger which exposes photo paper that has a triple-layer emulsion---one layer for each primary color. The prints are developed in a method similar to silver gelatin prints.
Contact Printing
Contact printing is a technique that uses either silver gelatin or chromogenic processes without an enlarger. A negative, typically from a large format camera, is placed in direct contact with the photo paper and light passes through it to transfer the image. Contact printing is known for its fine detail and subtle gradations of tone, but it has become obsolete because of the large cameras required to produce a negative of sufficient size.
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