How to Develop a Tank Film

Black-and-white photography remains an experience that immerses you in the photographic process. While digital photography becomes commonplace, the hands-on nature of film-based systems still attracts devoted followers. To get a quality print, capturing and processing a great negative is the first step. Developing film at home doesn't require a permanent darkroom. Black-and-white chemistry is flexible enough to work at room temperature. Consistency in processing is key to producing predictable results.

Instructions

Processing your film

1

Prepare your chemicals according to manufacturer's instructions. Check the film tank instructions for the quantity of chemistry to process your film. If necessary, let the chemistry cool to the recommended working temperature.

2

Place the film, can opener, film tank (including its lid) and film reel into the dark bag or on a work surface in a completely darkened room. Use the can opener to pry off the cap on the flat end of your 35mm film. Film reels have different ways of loading. Refer to the instructions for your model. Practice loading the reel with exposed film a few times. Place the loaded reel in the tank and affix the lid. At this point, the tank is light safe.

3

Refer to the instructions for the film developer for the time and temperature combination for your developer and film type. Set your timer for this value. Pour the developer into the tank smoothly and start the timer once all developer is in the tank. Tap the tank sharply two or three times to dislodge air bubbles and slide the tank back and forth gently for 10 seconds to agitate the developer. Continue agitating five seconds every 30 seconds, or 10 seconds every minute to ensure fresh chemistry contacts the film.

4

Remove the fill cap -- not the tank lid. Pour developer from the tank with 10 seconds left in processing. Save developer if reusable or properly dispose of it. Pour stop bath in and repeat tapping and initial agitation as you did with developer. Check manufacturer's instructions for time, which is usually quite short for stop bath. Stop bath time is not critical to processing.

5

Drain the stop bath from the tank, and add film fixer, repeating the tapping and agitation process. Fixing times are not critical for image formation, but do affect the longevity of the film. Stay close to the manufacturer's recommendations for time, agitating the tank 10 seconds every minute. The film is safe to expose to light after half the fixing time.

6

Wash the film in running water at about room temperature for the time recommended by the fixer instructions. Thorough washing is required to remove all traces of fixer, which can stain film if left behind. Drain the tank completely and fill it with fresh water. Add wetting agent as recommended by the manufacturer. Film can be dried on the reel, but it is preferable to hang it vertically to dry using plastic clothespins. Add a clothespin to the bottom to keep the film straight.

7

Hold your negatives by the edges or by the clothespins. Review your negatives on a light table or bright light. Protect negatives in a negative sleeve or envelope. Cut about every six fames. Tag with subject and date. You are ready to make prints.

---

Black-and-white photography remains an experience that immerses you in the photographic process. While digital photography becomes commonplace, the hands-on nature of film-based systems still attracts devoted followers. To get a quality print, capturing and processing a great negative is the first step. Developing film at home doesn't require a permanent darkroom. Black-and-white chemistry is flexible enough to work at room temperature. Consistency in processing is key to producing predictable results.

Instructions

Processing your film

1

Prepare your chemicals according to manufacturer's instructions. Check the film tank instructions for the quantity of chemistry to process your film. If necessary, let the chemistry cool to the recommended working temperature.

2

Place the film, can opener, film tank (including its lid) and film reel into the dark bag or on a work surface in a completely darkened room. Use the can opener to pry off the cap on the flat end of your 35mm film. Film reels have different ways of loading. Refer to the instructions for your model. Practice loading the reel with exposed film a few times. Place the loaded reel in the tank and affix the lid. At this point, the tank is light safe.

3

Refer to the instructions for the film developer for the time and temperature combination for your developer and film type. Set your timer for this value. Pour the developer into the tank smoothly and start the timer once all developer is in the tank. Tap the tank sharply two or three times to dislodge air bubbles and slide the tank back and forth gently for 10 seconds to agitate the developer. Continue agitating five seconds every 30 seconds, or 10 seconds every minute to ensure fresh chemistry contacts the film.

4

Remove the fill cap -- not the tank lid. Pour developer from the tank with 10 seconds left in processing. Save developer if reusable or properly dispose of it. Pour stop bath in and repeat tapping and initial agitation as you did with developer. Check manufacturer's instructions for time, which is usually quite short for stop bath. Stop bath time is not critical to processing.

5

Drain the stop bath from the tank, and add film fixer, repeating the tapping and agitation process. Fixing times are not critical for image formation, but do affect the longevity of the film. Stay close to the manufacturer's recommendations for time, agitating the tank 10 seconds every minute. The film is safe to expose to light after half the fixing time.

6

Wash the film in running water at about room temperature for the time recommended by the fixer instructions. Thorough washing is required to remove all traces of fixer, which can stain film if left behind. Drain the tank completely and fill it with fresh water. Add wetting agent as recommended by the manufacturer. Film can be dried on the reel, but it is preferable to hang it vertically to dry using plastic clothespins. Add a clothespin to the bottom to keep the film straight.

7

Hold your negatives by the edges or by the clothespins. Review your negatives on a light table or bright light. Protect negatives in a negative sleeve or envelope. Cut about every six fames. Tag with subject and date. You are ready to make prints.

---

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  How to Build Your Own Acoustic Panels (DIY) AcousticsFREQ.com

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  How to Build Your Own Acoustic Panels (DIY) Last Updated on Wednesday, 17 April 2013 06:15 Written by AcousticsFREQ Thursday, 13 October 2011 08:41

How to Buy an Image Scanner

Many people feel that since they now have a digital camera they don't need to have an image scanner. Scanners are still very useful tools for the digital photographer. You may have 35mm slides that you want to scan to digital images--or your may want to scan old photographs to preserve the content in digital format. Even if you have kept your old photos in a proper environment, the colors will fade. You may want to import old monochrome images and add color with an image-editing program. Whatever your need, you can find a scanner for your application. The question that many will have is: "what should I buy?" However, the real question is: "what are your needs?" Read on to learn about the different types of scanners and then shop online to get the best price.

Instructions

1




The basic type of scanner that has been around for years is the flat bed image scanner. They vary in size and imaging resolution. The size of the copy glass can be important depending on your need. The size of the copy glass will also allow you to batch scan multiple photographs individually into different image files. The larger the glass the more images you can load at one time. Resolution is also key. If you are just scanning images for the Internet you do not need a high resolution scanner. If you plan to upload images to web galleries like Red Bubble for resale as framed prints, then you do need a high resolution scanner. This is also true if you plan to sell images to stock photo houses. You can easily check what sort of scan resolution is required for specific print resolutions by using the Scan Tips Calculator (see Resources below).

2




If you want to scan 35mm transparencies to digital images you will need a slide scanner. There are flatbed scanners that have transparency scanner options. I have not tested all of these, but the ones I have used performed poorly. If you want to scan transparencies properly, you need a transparency scanner. These range in price from $99 to thousands of dollars, so evaluate your need properly. If you just have a few slides it may be better to send them to a professional service.

3




You may already have an image scanner and not know it. Multifunction printers all have image scanning capabilities. When you use your multifunction printer to copy a document, you are really scanning it and printing it. You can also scan it to a file, and using the software for the MFP set the scan resolution. Many devices even allow you to make color corrections during the scan. It is very important when buying a scanner to understand the software that drives it. It is also important to determine which software you will use to access the scanner. If you have Photoshop you may want to use Photoshop to acquire your image, in which case the scanner software may not be important to you.

4




Document scanners are really useful for business applications. They allow you to load a number of documents into the document feeder and the scanner will scan and print these automatically or render them to a file automatically. There are limitations on the thickness and condition of the documents you can load into the feed tray. By using OCR (Ocular Character Recognition) software you can also scan text documents and turn these into editable computer documents.

5




Finally, there are very expensive and large drum scanners for business applications. The first scanners were all drum scanners and very expensive. These scanners have the advantage of being able to scan very large documents and images and are used in sign printing and textile applications, to name a few.

---

Many people feel that since they now have a digital camera they don't need to have an image scanner. Scanners are still very useful tools for the digital photographer. You may have 35mm slides that you want to scan to digital images--or your may want to scan old photographs to preserve the content in digital format. Even if you have kept your old photos in a proper environment, the colors will fade. You may want to import old monochrome images and add color with an image-editing program. Whatever your need, you can find a scanner for your application. The question that many will have is: "what should I buy?" However, the real question is: "what are your needs?" Read on to learn about the different types of scanners and then shop online to get the best price.

Instructions

1




The basic type of scanner that has been around for years is the flat bed image scanner. They vary in size and imaging resolution. The size of the copy glass can be important depending on your need. The size of the copy glass will also allow you to batch scan multiple photographs individually into different image files. The larger the glass the more images you can load at one time. Resolution is also key. If you are just scanning images for the Internet you do not need a high resolution scanner. If you plan to upload images to web galleries like Red Bubble for resale as framed prints, then you do need a high resolution scanner. This is also true if you plan to sell images to stock photo houses. You can easily check what sort of scan resolution is required for specific print resolutions by using the Scan Tips Calculator (see Resources below).

2




If you want to scan 35mm transparencies to digital images you will need a slide scanner. There are flatbed scanners that have transparency scanner options. I have not tested all of these, but the ones I have used performed poorly. If you want to scan transparencies properly, you need a transparency scanner. These range in price from $99 to thousands of dollars, so evaluate your need properly. If you just have a few slides it may be better to send them to a professional service.

3




You may already have an image scanner and not know it. Multifunction printers all have image scanning capabilities. When you use your multifunction printer to copy a document, you are really scanning it and printing it. You can also scan it to a file, and using the software for the MFP set the scan resolution. Many devices even allow you to make color corrections during the scan.

Enhance your photography skill,The Top Secret Photography Techniques

. It is very important when buying a scanner to understand the software that drives it. It is also important to determine which software you will use to access the scanner. If you have Photoshop you may want to use Photoshop to acquire your image, in which case the scanner software may not be important to you.
4




Document scanners are really useful for business applications. They allow you to load a number of documents into the document feeder and the scanner will scan and print these automatically or render them to a file automatically. There are limitations on the thickness and condition of the documents you can load into the feed tray. By using OCR (Ocular Character Recognition) software you can also scan text documents and turn these into editable computer documents.

5




Finally, there are very expensive and large drum scanners for business applications. The first scanners were all drum scanners and very expensive. These scanners have the advantage of being able to scan very large documents and images and are used in sign printing and textile applications, to name a few.

---

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  HowStuffWorks "Home and Garden"

  home.howstuffworks.com

  HowStuffWorks can answer your home and garden questions. Find explanations, reviews, opinions and prices on home and garden items at HowStuffWorks.

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  How to make Hot Ice!!! Crazy - YouTube

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  crazy experiment turning a liquid to a solid with just a touch.. amazing Costs $25-35 for 500 grams of sodium accitate. Song: Beat of the Moment Artist ...

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  Free hair bow instructions--Learn how to make hairbows and hair clips, FREE!

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  www.ebay.co.uk/gds

  No matter what you're buying from eBay, it's important that you're making well informed purchasing decisions. Our guides will lead you through the process.

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  IBM Software

  www.ibm.com/software

  IBM Software. Enterprise software designed to solve the most challenging needs of organizations large and small, across all industries, worldwide.

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  jewelry.about.com

  If it's about jewelry, we have the answers, covering jewelry trends and advice that helps you choose the best jewelry, from diamond engagement rings to fashion styles.

How to Edit Concert Photos

Photos taken at events like concerts, where the lighting is not necessarily good and the event is loud, often need editing. While factors like camera quality, location or lighting affect the pictures, making changes to the picture can improve the picture quality and create the preferred appearance of any concert photo.

Instructions

1

Adjust the lighting of the picture. Concerts are typically dim with bright lights focusing on the stage artist. The picture that comes out will usually have dramatic contrast between the artist and the background. Using an external flash to take the picture will minimize the dramatic difference, but slight changes to the coloration of the picture, such as making the foreground white, can minimize the differences.

2

Crop the background. While some background creates the setting, adjusting the background by cutting off extras can improve the picture. Crop to adjust the background so that the sides are even and there is balance in the picture. This is especially important for close-up shots of the artists.

3

Change the photo to black and white. Some concert photos look best in black and white rather than color. When the colors are muted or odd, change the photo to black and white. The black and white effect will put everything in tones of greys, whites and black, which improves the appearance of the picture.

---

Photos taken at events like concerts, where the lighting is not necessarily good and the event is loud, often need editing. While factors like camera quality, location or lighting affect the pictures, making changes to the picture can improve the picture quality and create the preferred appearance of any concert photo.

Instructions

1

Adjust the lighting of the picture. Concerts are typically dim with bright lights focusing on the stage artist. The picture that comes out will usually have dramatic contrast between the artist and the background. Using an external flash to take the picture will minimize the dramatic difference, but slight changes to the coloration of the picture, such as making the foreground white, can minimize the differences.

2

Crop the background. While some background creates the setting, adjusting the background by cutting off extras can improve the picture. Crop to adjust the background so that the sides are even and there is balance in the picture. This is especially important for close-up shots of the artists.

3

Change the photo to black and white. Some concert photos look best in black and white rather than color. When the colors are muted or odd, change the photo to black and white. The black and white effect will put everything in tones of greys, whites and black, which improves the appearance of the picture.

---

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  How to destroy angels. On tour now.

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  Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the ...

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  Paranoid Brigadier General Jack D. Ripper of Burpelson Air Force Base, he believing that fluoridation of the American water supply is a Soviet plot to poison the U.S ...

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  desktoppub.about.com

  How to Crop Photos. Cropping your photos not only improves the photograph, it can improve your layout. Try some of these 7 cropping tips and tricks.

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  How much are Justin Bieber Concert Tickets?

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  You're wondering how much does Bieber concert ticket cost? Prices may vary depending on the venue nd whether you want to be in the back row seats or front row seats.

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  How to Send or Email Multiple Photos from an iPhone or iPad ...

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• queen & david bowie - under pressure live re-edit version - YouTube

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Chroma Key Definition

Special effects have become important in the marketability of modern film. Independent filmmakers have to find a way to compete with the larger studios by being creative with special effects. The chroma key process, often called "blue screen" or "green screen," can help create scenes that a struggling filmmaker couldn't otherwise afford on a shoestring budget.

History

In the 1930s, RKO Radio Pictures developed a primitive blue screen method for the movies "Flying Down to Rio" and "The Thief of Baghdad" to include scenes the company couldn't afford to shoot. Larry Butler won an Academy Award for special effects for the latter in 1940. In 1958, in the Spencer Tracy movie "The Old Man and the Sea," Arthur Widmer used blue screen technology as modern society knows it to record a background, then record the actors in front of a blue screen. The separate photos were rephotographed through red and green filters before being merged together.

Process

Blue or green backgrounds are usually used while the actor is being filmed performing an action. A second image, usually a background scene, is phased into the image with the actors during the editing phase. A keying process matches the background color with the alternate background. All greens or blues will show as the second image. Richard Harrington advises against using digital video for chroma key because it compresses the images and therefore often leaves head or foot space.

Clothing

Any clothing an actor wears that matches the background color will blend into the background image during the keying process. To avoid this, the actor must wear colors that are as far away from the background color as possible. Blending colors is used as a technique when the actors are supposed to be invisible or part of their body is supposed to be missing. In the book "DV Filmmaking," Ian David Aronson says shaggy clothes, fuzzy sweaters and dangling jewelry should be avoided because compression in digital cameras can cause spotting with fusing the images.

Backgrounds

Blue was the first color used in this process because it is said to generate less grain in film. It promotes better detail than other colors. Green requires less light and so do digital cameras. Digital camera users more commonly choose green for backgrounds because the detail quality matches better with the device, as film cameras do with blue backgrounds. For software chroma key, magenta has become the background color of choice.

Lighting

Lighting is critical to avoid shadows. Shadows can make the greens and blues darker. During the keying process, the software used to key may not identify the darker color. The background image could be blotched and look inauthentic. All lighting must be even for the process to be effective.

---

Special effects have become important in the marketability of modern film. Independent filmmakers have to find a way to compete with the larger studios by being creative with special effects. The chroma key process, often called "blue screen" or "green screen," can help create scenes that a struggling filmmaker couldn't otherwise afford on a shoestring budget.

History

In the 1930s, RKO Radio Pictures developed a primitive blue screen method for the movies "Flying Down to Rio" and "The Thief of Baghdad" to include scenes the company couldn't afford to shoot. Larry Butler won an Academy Award for special effects for the latter in 1940. In 1958, in the Spencer Tracy movie "The Old Man and the Sea," Arthur Widmer used blue screen technology as modern society knows it to record a background, then record the actors in front of a blue screen. The separate photos were rephotographed through red and green filters before being merged together.

Process

Blue or green backgrounds are usually used while the actor is being filmed performing an action. A second image, usually a background scene, is phased into the image with the actors during the editing phase. A keying process matches the background color with the alternate background. All greens or blues will show as the second image. Richard Harrington advises against using digital video for chroma key because it compresses the images and therefore often leaves head or foot space.

Clothing

Any clothing an actor wears that matches the background color will blend into the background image during the keying process. To avoid this, the actor must wear colors that are as far away from the background color as possible. Blending colors is used as a technique when the actors are supposed to be invisible or part of their body is supposed to be missing. In the book "DV Filmmaking," Ian David Aronson says shaggy clothes, fuzzy sweaters and dangling jewelry should be avoided because compression in digital cameras can cause spotting with fusing the images.

Backgrounds

Blue was the first color used in this process because it is said to generate less grain in film.

Enhance your photography skill,The Top Secret Photography Techniques

. It promotes better detail than other colors. Green requires less light and so do digital cameras. Digital camera users more commonly choose green for backgrounds because the detail quality matches better with the device, as film cameras do with blue backgrounds. For software chroma key, magenta has become the background color of choice.

Lighting

Lighting is critical to avoid shadows. Shadows can make the greens and blues darker. During the keying process, the software used to key may not identify the darker color. The background image could be blotched and look inauthentic. All lighting must be even for the process to be effective.

---

• 
  

  All Chroma Key Paper, Fabric, Paint & Tape - Filmtools

  www.filmtools.com/chromkeyfab.html

  All Chroma Key Paper, Fabric, Paint & Tape - Filmtools stocks a variety of products for your Chroma Key Blue and Chroma Key Green Screen needs (aka chromakey).

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  VSDC FREE HD Video Editing Software "Green Screen" "Chroma Key ...

  www.youtube.com/watch?v=luyOn5DdUZs

  No-kidding, FREE! Download at http://ezvideoedit.blogspot.com/2013/... TURN ON ANNOTATIONS and view in full screen (buttons are in lower-right corner of ...

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  FREE Video Editing Software: Green Screen (Chroma Key),

  www.youtube.com/watch?v=T-eXuLFo3Nc

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  chroma - definition of chroma by the Free Online Dictionary ...

  www.thefreedictionary.com/chroma

  chroma (kr m) n. The aspect of color in the Munsell color system by which a sample appears to differ from a gray of the same lightness or brightness and that ...

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  Free Templates for After Effects and Green Screen Chroma Key

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  chroma - definition and meaning - Wordnik

  www.wordnik.com/words/chroma

  The aspect of color in the Munsell color system by which a sample appears to differ from a gray of the same lightness or brightness and that corresponds to saturation ...

• 
  

  Chroma Define Chroma at Dictionary.com

  dictionary.reference.com/browse/chroma

  noun 1. the purity of a color, or its freedom from white or gray. 2. intensity of distinctive hue; saturation of a color. Origin: 188590; Greek chrma color ...

• 
  

  Chroma Key plugin request (Automatic removal of colour) - Paint ...

  forums.getpaint.net Paint.NET Discussion & Questions

  Page 1 of 2 - Chroma Key plugin request (Automatic removal of colour) - posted in Paint.NET Discussion & Questions: Can anyone be kind enough to create a plugin

• Green Screen Software Chroma Key Video Editing Software

  www.photostudiosupplies.com/greenscreen-software.php

  Green Screen Software for videos and image editing. This Chroma Key Video Editing Software allow you to replace green screen in your videos and photos with any other ...