Many higher-end digital cameras shoot in multiple file formats, mainly RAW and JPEG. These formats are drastically different and can alter the way you work with images, in the camera and on the computer. Understanding the differences and the effect on your photography work-flows before choosing a format is essential to capturing images that are manageable, and can be edited and viewed using your existing tools.
Image Capturing Process
The main benefit to shooting RAW vs. JPEG is the recording process used when the camera renders the digital image onto the storage device. The technicalities of the task do not matter for our purposes, but the end result is of vital importance. A RAW file allows to actually return to the moment of shooting when you open the image in your computer. In essence, you can return to the moment the image was recorded and change the exposure settings that were used by your camera by using your computer. The exposure settings are necessary to capture an image with a balance of light and dark areas. The camera uses a combination of aperture, shutter speed and ISO settings to reach the proper exposure. A JPEG file is recorded to the memory card in your camera using a compressed file setting and you cannot return to the moment of capture in your computer. You can still edit and adjust the image in a photo editing program, but the process to correctly balance the exposure is much more intricate then working with a RAW file. The RAW file will help you to correct and enhance your images to an extent outside of the camera but it will not completely save a poorly exposed image.
File Size
A major consideration when working with RAW or JPEG files is the file size created by the two formats. A RAW image is a considerably larger file that takes longer to capture in the camera while shooting, and uses large amounts of storage space on your media cards and your computer. In contrast, a JPEG is a compressed file with less data stored in the image and takes up much less space. A JPEG will write faster on the camera as well, meaning your camera will recycle for the next image quickly. This write speed will also be affected by your camera's internal processing power and the type of media card the images are written to within the camera. Certain media cards have a faster writing speed, which is ideal for shooting in RAW formats. File size is also a consideration when editing in the computer because an older computer with a slow internal processor will not work well with large image files.
Digital Photography Workflow
The computer workflow of your digital photography will be affected by the file format you capture. A RAW file takes more space, uses more processing power in the computer, and will take more time to transfer between camera, computer and hard drives. A RAW file will also take more time for processing in the editing program and if time is essential to your work flow, then the benefits and drawbacks to working in RAW must be a consideration. While shooting in RAW for casual images is not a concern, a professional photographer editing 2,000 images from a wedding shoot will need to have the time and resources to deal with such large file sizes. Yet, the need to properly expose the wedding photos may outweigh the time that could be saved by working in a JPEG format.
Photo Editing
The last major consideration for the file format debate is the photo editing program you are using. Most professional level editing programs will open and edit RAW, but the consumer based programs may not. The RAW file format is not read or recognized by most computer programs and must be processed first to access the image, unlike the JPEG which is a universal file format. Working with RAW will require not only a fast computer but a high-powered professional level editing program and the knowledge to use the program properly. The actual opening of a RAW image in a program, such as Photoshop, is an easy task and the RAW editing tools automatically open when the image is accessed, but working with the file after opening can be a challenge if you are unfamiliar with the program. A JPEG can be worked with in any editing program and used on almost any mobile device, website or computer without additional processing.
Many higher-end digital cameras shoot in multiple file formats, mainly RAW and JPEG. These formats are drastically different and can alter the way you work with images, in the camera and on the computer. Understanding the differences and the effect on your photography work-flows before choosing a format is essential to capturing images that are manageable, and can be edited and viewed using your existing tools.
Image Capturing Process
The main benefit to shooting RAW vs. JPEG is the recording process used when the camera renders the digital image onto the storage device. The technicalities of the task do not matter for our purposes, but the end result is of vital importance. A RAW file allows to actually return to the moment of shooting when you open the image in your computer. In essence, you can return to the moment the image was recorded and change the exposure settings that were used by your camera by using your computer. The exposure settings are necessary to capture an image with a balance of light and dark areas. The camera uses a combination of aperture, shutter speed and ISO settings to reach the proper exposure. A JPEG file is recorded to the memory card in your camera using a compressed file setting and you cannot return to the moment of capture in your computer. You can still edit and adjust the image in a photo editing program, but the process to correctly balance the exposure is much more intricate then working with a RAW file. The RAW file will help you to correct and enhance your images to an extent outside of the camera but it will not completely save a poorly exposed image.
File Size
A major consideration when working with RAW or JPEG files is the file size created by the two formats. A RAW image is a considerably larger file that takes longer to capture in the camera while shooting, and uses large amounts of storage space on your media cards and your computer. In contrast, a JPEG is a compressed file with less data stored in the image and takes up much less space. A JPEG will write faster on the camera as well, meaning your camera will recycle for the next image quickly. This write speed will also be affected by your camera's internal processing power and the type of media card the images are written to within the camera. Certain media cards have a faster writing speed, which is ideal for shooting in RAW formats. File size is also a consideration when editing in the computer because an older computer with a slow internal processor will not work well with large image files.
Digital Photography Workflow
The computer workflow of your digital photography will be affected by the file format you capture. A RAW file takes more space, uses more processing power in the computer, and will take more time to transfer between camera, computer and hard drives. A RAW file will also take more time for processing in the editing program and if time is essential to your work flow, then the benefits and drawbacks to working in RAW must be a consideration. While shooting in RAW for casual images is not a concern, a professional photographer editing 2,000 images from a wedding shoot will need to have the time and resources to deal with such large file sizes. Yet, the need to properly expose the wedding photos may outweigh the time that could be saved by working in a JPEG format.
Photo Editing
The last major consideration for the file format debate is the photo editing program you are using. Most professional level editing programs will open and edit RAW, but the consumer based programs may not. The RAW file format is not read or recognized by most computer programs and must be processed first to access the image, unlike the JPEG which is a universal file format. Working with RAW will require not only a fast computer but a high-powered professional level editing program and the knowledge to use the program properly. The actual opening of a RAW image in a program, such as Photoshop, is an easy task and the RAW editing tools automatically open when the image is accessed, but working with the file after opening can be a challenge if you are unfamiliar with the program. A JPEG can be worked with in any editing program and used on almost any mobile device, website or computer without additional processing.
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