Although both macro and normal camera lenses may have the same focal length, they differ considerably in their ability to achieve extreme close-up shots. Macro lenses are specially designed to allow close focusing with maximum sharpness, while normal lenses provide a view roughly equivalent to that seen with the naked eye. Macro lenses can be purchased for any SLR camera, but standards may vary according to the manufacturer.
Focal Length and the Normal Lens
Camera lenses for both film and digital SLRs allow for a variety of focusing capabilities, from centimeters to infinity. The normal, or standard issue, camera lens (35 mm to 50 mm) allows for a view in the viewfinder that is generally the same as the view seen by the eye. Lenses are designed for sharpness at varying focal lengths and for specific needs. While a normal lens can be used for macro purposes, it can be difficult to achieve the same sharpness at very close range that a dedicated macro lens provides.
Macro Lenses and Magnification
Macro lenses have been designed for extreme close-up focusing, with better correction for distortion at very close range. These lenses have a shorter than normal minimum focus that results in a flat image which is captured at a 1:1 ratio -- life size on the sensor or film. By contrast, the normal lens captures images at a ratio of 1:5 (the image is 1/5 life size) or more. The magnification capacity of dedicated macro lenses is greater than that of a normal lens so the photographer can get much closer to the subject and still focus sharply.
Macro Lens Options
Macro lenses are available for film and digital SLRs from camera manufacturers and aftermarket sources. Lenses manufactured by camera companies such as Nikon and Canon generally have true 1:1 magnification, but those made by aftermarket manufacturers may allow for ratios up to 1:4 or 1:5 while still labeled macro lenses. Macro lenses are also available in other forms, such as wide-angle or fish-eye for specialized photography.
Macro and Micro Lenses
Although the terms are sometimes used interchangeably, macro and micro lenses are not identical. Nikon's name for its macro lens is "micro" but the field of microphotography relies on true micro lenses which allow for extreme closeup imaging at ratios of 10:1 or more, in which images are projected onto the sensor 10 times or more life-size. This level of magnification exceeds the capability of standard macro lenses.
Although both macro and normal camera lenses may have the same focal length, they differ considerably in their ability to achieve extreme close-up shots. Macro lenses are specially designed to allow close focusing with maximum sharpness, while normal lenses provide a view roughly equivalent to that seen with the naked eye. Macro lenses can be purchased for any SLR camera, but standards may vary according to the manufacturer.
Focal Length and the Normal Lens
Camera lenses for both film and digital SLRs allow for a variety of focusing capabilities, from centimeters to infinity. The normal, or standard issue, camera lens (35 mm to 50 mm) allows for a view in the viewfinder that is generally the same as the view seen by the eye. Lenses are designed for sharpness at varying focal lengths and for specific needs. While a normal lens can be used for macro purposes, it can be difficult to achieve the same sharpness at very close range that a dedicated macro lens provides.
Macro Lenses and Magnification
Macro lenses have been designed for extreme close-up focusing, with better correction for distortion at very close range. These lenses have a shorter than normal minimum focus that results in a flat image which is captured at a 1:1 ratio -- life size on the sensor or film. By contrast, the normal lens captures images at a ratio of 1:5 (the image is 1/5 life size) or more. The magnification capacity of dedicated macro lenses is greater than that of a normal lens so the photographer can get much closer to the subject and still focus sharply.
Macro Lens Options
Macro lenses are available for film and digital SLRs from camera manufacturers and aftermarket sources. Lenses manufactured by camera companies such as Nikon and Canon generally have true 1:1 magnification, but those made by aftermarket manufacturers may allow for ratios up to 1:4 or 1:5 while still labeled macro lenses. Macro lenses are also available in other forms, such as wide-angle or fish-eye for specialized photography.
Macro and Micro Lenses
Although the terms are sometimes used interchangeably, macro and micro lenses are not identical. Nikon's name for its macro lens is "micro" but the field of microphotography relies on true micro lenses which allow for extreme closeup imaging at ratios of 10:1 or more, in which images are projected onto the sensor 10 times or more life-size. This level of magnification exceeds the capability of standard macro lenses.
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