The makeup of film may be more complicated than a camera while a film camera merely allows a controlled light leak to reach the film's surface. Although just a fraction of a millimeter thick, camera film consists of many layers of chemical coatings. Aside from being light-sensitive, film is designed to resist scratches and unwanted printing effects.
Topcoat Layer
The topcoat of film is the glossy layer facing you as you view the images in their correct orientation. This protective coating prevents scratches that can occur during the handling of film in carriers or inadequate storage.
Emulsion Layer
Below the topcoat lies the emulsion layer. This layer consists of about 60 percent silver-halide crystals that darken when exposed to light. The remaining 40 percent consists of gelatin. If the film is color, dye couplers will also be present. The dyes are layered with magenta on top, cyan in the middle and yellow below. These layers are sensitive to green, red and blue light respectively. When color film is processed, the light-sensitive silver compound is washed out and only dyes remain.
First Adhesive
Below the emulsion is a thinner layer of adhesive. Its purpose is to connect the emulsion and the film base.
Base Layer
The base layer is made of flexible and transparent plastic. The thicknesses of various film formats and brands can vary according to the contents of this level. The base provides support for the emulsion, which would be too thin and fragile on its own.
Early film bases were made from cellulose nitrate, which is flammable and caused catastrophic results with motion picture films. More modern film bases are made from cellulose acetate or polyester.
Second Adhesive
Another adhesive layer bonds the base to the final bottom layer, called the antihalation coating.
Antihalation Layer
When a negative is exposed in a camera, care is taken to make sure the emulsion layer only receives one exposure to light. The antihalation layer is in place to keep light from reflecting off the bottom layer and reflecting back through the emulsion. This reaction would cause undesirable halos to appear in the brightest parts of the image or create secondary images. The dye is designed to have no effect on image quality.
Antistatic Layer
Some films will have an antistatic layer on the backside of the base. It prevents static sparks from being generated while the film is advanced in a camera. Such static sparks would create areas of exposure on the film.
The makeup of film may be more complicated than a camera while a film camera merely allows a controlled light leak to reach the film's surface. Although just a fraction of a millimeter thick, camera film consists of many layers of chemical coatings. Aside from being light-sensitive, film is designed to resist scratches and unwanted printing effects.
Topcoat Layer
The topcoat of film is the glossy layer facing you as you view the images in their correct orientation. This protective coating prevents scratches that can occur during the handling of film in carriers or inadequate storage.
Emulsion Layer
Below the topcoat lies the emulsion layer. This layer consists of about 60 percent silver-halide crystals that darken when exposed to light. The remaining 40 percent consists of gelatin. If the film is color, dye couplers will also be present. The dyes are layered with magenta on top, cyan in the middle and yellow below. These layers are sensitive to green, red and blue light respectively. When color film is processed, the light-sensitive silver compound is washed out and only dyes remain.
First Adhesive
Below the emulsion is a thinner layer of adhesive. Its purpose is to connect the emulsion and the film base.
Base Layer
The base layer is made of flexible and transparent plastic. The thicknesses of various film formats and brands can vary according to the contents of this level. The base provides support for the emulsion, which would be too thin and fragile on its own.
Early film bases were made from cellulose nitrate, which is flammable and caused catastrophic results with motion picture films. More modern film bases are made from cellulose acetate or polyester.
Second Adhesive
Another adhesive layer bonds the base to the final bottom layer, called the antihalation coating.
Antihalation Layer
When a negative is exposed in a camera, care is taken to make sure the emulsion layer only receives one exposure to light.
Enhance your photography skill,The Top Secret Photography Techniques
. The antihalation layer is in place to keep light from reflecting off the bottom layer and reflecting back through the emulsion. This reaction would cause undesirable halos to appear in the brightest parts of the image or create secondary images. The dye is designed to have no effect on image quality.Antistatic Layer
Some films will have an antistatic layer on the backside of the base. It prevents static sparks from being generated while the film is advanced in a camera. Such static sparks would create areas of exposure on the film.
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