Lighting is one of the most important technical challenges of film production. Good lighting may blend into the scene and go unnoticed, but amateurish lighting will give any scene an unattractive look. Filmmakers must follow the basic tenets of set lighting to achieve realism and avoid some of the common problems that plague movie productions.
Simplify the Light Source
One of the best ways to make a movie look better is to simplify the number of different types of light sources. While it may be tempting to use natural light from windows, tungsten light in household fixtures and fluorescent lights in studio lamps, focusing on just one of these types of lighting can make it much easier to control the look of your movie. Fluorescent lamps, or energy-efficient compact fluorescent bulbs, provide even light without producing much heat, which can be an advantage when working in a small space.
Use White Balance
White balance refers to the reference point that a video camera or film printer uses for the color white. The tone of every other color is affected by white balance. If you shoot on video, use the camera's white balance feature to manually adjust the white balance. Focusing on a white piece of paper is a good method, allowing you to gradually adjust the white balance until the paper appears its natural color through the viewfinder. If you shoot on film, shoot footage of a text pattern in every scene so that the lab technicians can use the white space on the test pattern to establish white balance before printing the footage.
Use Diffusion
To soften light and provide natural-looking illumination, use gauze to cover strong lights. This creates diffusion and minimizes harsh shadows or strong light that shows too many details, such as skin blemishes. Bouncing lights off a white board or ceiling is another way to create diffusion.
Avoid Backlighting
Backlighting occurs whenever your subject is between the dominant light source and the camera. This can cause the subject to look too dark, or make the background wash out and appear too light. To avoid backlighting, add extra light to your subject or construct the scene so that the space behind your subject receives as much or less light that the subject itself.
Use Three-Point Lighting
Three-point lighting is a common practice in film lighting. It requires three major lights, all positioned on the same subject. The major light is called the key light, and illuminated the subject from the front and slightly to one side. The fill light adds additional light to the other side of the subject, while the dimmer backlight creates the sense of an outline around the subject. Thee-point lighting is useful for making your subject appear three-dimensional and properly exposed.
Lighting is one of the most important technical challenges of film production. Good lighting may blend into the scene and go unnoticed, but amateurish lighting will give any scene an unattractive look. Filmmakers must follow the basic tenets of set lighting to achieve realism and avoid some of the common problems that plague movie productions.
Simplify the Light Source
One of the best ways to make a movie look better is to simplify the number of different types of light sources. While it may be tempting to use natural light from windows, tungsten light in household fixtures and fluorescent lights in studio lamps, focusing on just one of these types of lighting can make it much easier to control the look of your movie. Fluorescent lamps, or energy-efficient compact fluorescent bulbs, provide even light without producing much heat, which can be an advantage when working in a small space.
Use White Balance
White balance refers to the reference point that a video camera or film printer uses for the color white. The tone of every other color is affected by white balance.
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. If you shoot on video, use the camera's white balance feature to manually adjust the white balance. Focusing on a white piece of paper is a good method, allowing you to gradually adjust the white balance until the paper appears its natural color through the viewfinder. If you shoot on film, shoot footage of a text pattern in every scene so that the lab technicians can use the white space on the test pattern to establish white balance before printing the footage.Use Diffusion
To soften light and provide natural-looking illumination, use gauze to cover strong lights. This creates diffusion and minimizes harsh shadows or strong light that shows too many details, such as skin blemishes. Bouncing lights off a white board or ceiling is another way to create diffusion.
Avoid Backlighting
Backlighting occurs whenever your subject is between the dominant light source and the camera. This can cause the subject to look too dark, or make the background wash out and appear too light. To avoid backlighting, add extra light to your subject or construct the scene so that the space behind your subject receives as much or less light that the subject itself.
Use Three-Point Lighting
Three-point lighting is a common practice in film lighting. It requires three major lights, all positioned on the same subject. The major light is called the key light, and illuminated the subject from the front and slightly to one side. The fill light adds additional light to the other side of the subject, while the dimmer backlight creates the sense of an outline around the subject. Thee-point lighting is useful for making your subject appear three-dimensional and properly exposed.
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