Photography provides commentary on our lives. People desire to represent and record aspects of life within photographs, whether in an artistic sense or in fashion, or merely documenting a family gathering or pretty view. Photography provides perspective on current affairs and news, and is increasingly used in newer technologies such as mobile phones. However, for the professional or studied enthusiast, photography has technical aspects to consider, such as the use of stops.
Stops
A stop or f-stop is a common and basic photography term. A photographer needs to gain intuition about appropriate light levels through practice using the camera. A stop is a doubling or halving of light levels. To increase by one stop, the light level must be doubled. Likewise, to decrease by one stop, the current light level must be halved. You can increase or decrease by increments of a stop, for example, one third of a stop. Increasing or decreasing the number of stops involves controlling the exposure settings of the camera. Although the numbering systems differ between different types of exposure settings, they all increase or decrease brightness by the measure of stops.
ISO
Regulating exposure can be done by adjusting the ISO settings of the camera. ISO measures how sensitive the camera is to light, regulated by its internal sensor, which processes the light to create an image. ISO settings can be, for example, 200, 400 or 800. Each number is doubled, therefore, by increasing the ISO setting by one, you have increased the exposure by one stop.
Shutter Speed
Shutter speed is the length of time the shutter of your camera is open, allowing in light. The shutter is effectively a set of doors that block light from entering the lens -- opening and closing quickly to allow light in or block it out. The measurement units are that of time, for example, 1/125th of a second. If you double the shutter speed, you are increasing exposure by one stop.
Aperture
Exposure can be further regulated by adjusting the aperture of the camera. In addition to the shutter, there is also a circular shaped door. This door allows varying amounts of light into the camera by opening varying amounts. The aperture, therefore, differs from the shutter, which is either open or closed for certain amounts of time. Aperture is measured in units of size, for example, f/4.0 and f/5.6. These measurements differ from shutter speed and ISO, because doubling and halving does not occur. The aperture measurement scale is learned by the photographer; for example, three increases in aperture on a particular camera may equal one stop.
Use of Stops
When taking a picture, you need to decide whether the lighting level is appropriate; the subject matter might not be looking its best, the image could be too light or too dark, or the lighting might not be creating the correct mood. Stops are used to assess and correct this. A photographer could be saying that a picture is overexposed by one stop -- he is communicating how bright the picture is and how bright he thinks it should be.
Photography provides commentary on our lives. People desire to represent and record aspects of life within photographs, whether in an artistic sense or in fashion, or merely documenting a family gathering or pretty view. Photography provides perspective on current affairs and news, and is increasingly used in newer technologies such as mobile phones. However, for the professional or studied enthusiast, photography has technical aspects to consider, such as the use of stops.
Stops
A stop or f-stop is a common and basic photography term. A photographer needs to gain intuition about appropriate light levels through practice using the camera. A stop is a doubling or halving of light levels. To increase by one stop, the light level must be doubled. Likewise, to decrease by one stop, the current light level must be halved. You can increase or decrease by increments of a stop, for example, one third of a stop. Increasing or decreasing the number of stops involves controlling the exposure settings of the camera. Although the numbering systems differ between different types of exposure settings, they all increase or decrease brightness by the measure of stops.
ISO
Regulating exposure can be done by adjusting the ISO settings of the camera. ISO measures how sensitive the camera is to light, regulated by its internal sensor, which processes the light to create an image. ISO settings can be, for example, 200, 400 or 800. Each number is doubled, therefore, by increasing the ISO setting by one, you have increased the exposure by one stop.
Shutter Speed
Shutter speed is the length of time the shutter of your camera is open, allowing in light. The shutter is effectively a set of doors that block light from entering the lens -- opening and closing quickly to allow light in or block it out. The measurement units are that of time, for example, 1/125th of a second. If you double the shutter speed, you are increasing exposure by one stop.
Aperture
Exposure can be further regulated by adjusting the aperture of the camera. In addition to the shutter, there is also a circular shaped door. This door allows varying amounts of light into the camera by opening varying amounts. The aperture, therefore, differs from the shutter, which is either open or closed for certain amounts of time. Aperture is measured in units of size, for example, f/4.0 and f/5.6. These measurements differ from shutter speed and ISO, because doubling and halving does not occur. The aperture measurement scale is learned by the photographer; for example, three increases in aperture on a particular camera may equal one stop.
Use of Stops
When taking a picture, you need to decide whether the lighting level is appropriate; the subject matter might not be looking its best, the image could be too light or too dark, or the lighting might not be creating the correct mood. Stops are used to assess and correct this. A photographer could be saying that a picture is overexposed by one stop -- he is communicating how bright the picture is and how bright he thinks it should be.
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